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Command-line parsing library
This module is an optparse-inspired command-line parsing library that:
- handles both optional and positional arguments
- produces highly informative usage messages
- supports parsers that dispatch to sub-parsers
The following is a simple usage example that sums integers from the
command-line and writes the result to a file::
parser = argparse.ArgumentParser(
description='sum the integers at the command line')
parser.add_argument(
'integers', metavar='int', nargs='+', type=int,
help='an integer to be summed')
parser.add_argument(
'--log', default=sys.stdout, type=argparse.FileType('w'),
help='the file where the sum should be written')
args = parser.parse_args()
args.log.write('%s' % sum(args.integers))
args.log.close()
The module contains the following public classes:
- ArgumentParser -- The main entry point for command-line parsing. As the
example above shows, the add_argument() method is used to populate
the parser with actions for optional and positional arguments. Then
the parse_args() method is invoked to convert the args at the
command-line into an object with attributes.
- ArgumentError -- The exception raised by ArgumentParser objects when
there are errors with the parser's actions. Errors raised while
parsing the command-line are caught by ArgumentParser and emitted
as command-line messages.
- FileType -- A factory for defining types of files to be created. As the
example above shows, instances of FileType are typically passed as
the type= argument of add_argument() calls.
- Action -- The base class for parser actions. Typically actions are
selected by passing strings like 'store_true' or 'append_const' to
the action= argument of add_argument(). However, for greater
customization of ArgumentParser actions, subclasses of Action may
be defined and passed as the action= argument.
- HelpFormatter, RawDescriptionHelpFormatter, RawTextHelpFormatter,
ArgumentDefaultsHelpFormatter -- Formatter classes which
may be passed as the formatter_class= argument to the
ArgumentParser constructor. HelpFormatter is the default,
RawDescriptionHelpFormatter and RawTextHelpFormatter tell the parser
not to change the formatting for help text, and
ArgumentDefaultsHelpFormatter adds information about argument defaults
to the help.
All other classes in this module are considered implementation details.
(Also note that HelpFormatter and RawDescriptionHelpFormatter are only
considered public as object names -- the API of the formatter objects is
still considered an implementation detail.)
z1.1ArgumentParser
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r a Factory for creating file object types
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ArgumentParser add_argument() method.
Keyword Arguments:
- mode -- A string indicating how the file is to be opened. Accepts the
same values as the builtin open() function.
- bufsize -- The file's desired buffer size. Accepts the same values as
the builtin open() function.
- encoding -- The file's encoding. Accepts the same values as the
builtin open() function.
- errors -- A string indicating how encoding and decoding errors are to
be handled. Accepts the same value as the builtin open() function.
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zSimple object for storing attributes.
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z(_ActionsContainer._add_container_actionsc K s^ d|krt d}t||jdttgkr2d|d< |jdtkrPd|krPd|d< t||g dS )Nr z1'required' is an invalid argument for positionalsr Tr )r r )r r( r r
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Keyword Arguments:
- prog -- The name of the program (default: sys.argv[0])
- usage -- A usage message (default: auto-generated from arguments)
- description -- A description of what the program does
- epilog -- Text following the argument descriptions
- parents -- Parsers whose arguments should be copied into this one
- formatter_class -- HelpFormatter class for printing help messages
- prefix_chars -- Characters that prefix optional arguments
- fromfile_prefix_chars -- Characters that prefix files containing
additional arguments
- argument_default -- The default value for all arguments
- conflict_handler -- String indicating how to handle conflicts
- add_help -- Add a -h/-help option
- allow_abbrev -- Allow long options to be abbreviated unambiguously
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