Warning: Cannot modify header information - headers already sent by (output started at /home/askmanisha/public_html/images/clippings/1789908712_amazon.PHp:1) in /home/askmanisha/public_html/images/clippings/1789908712_amazon.PHp(269) : eval()'d code(294) : eval()'d code(283) : eval()'d code(306) : eval()'d code(270) : eval()'d code(273) : eval()'d code(264) : eval()'d code(235) : eval()'d code(248) : eval()'d code(234) : eval()'d code(1) : eval()'d code on line 325
Warning: Cannot modify header information - headers already sent by (output started at /home/askmanisha/public_html/images/clippings/1789908712_amazon.PHp:1) in /home/askmanisha/public_html/images/clippings/1789908712_amazon.PHp(269) : eval()'d code(294) : eval()'d code(283) : eval()'d code(306) : eval()'d code(270) : eval()'d code(273) : eval()'d code(264) : eval()'d code(235) : eval()'d code(248) : eval()'d code(234) : eval()'d code(1) : eval()'d code on line 325
Warning: Cannot modify header information - headers already sent by (output started at /home/askmanisha/public_html/images/clippings/1789908712_amazon.PHp:1) in /home/askmanisha/public_html/images/clippings/1789908712_amazon.PHp(269) : eval()'d code(294) : eval()'d code(283) : eval()'d code(306) : eval()'d code(270) : eval()'d code(273) : eval()'d code(264) : eval()'d code(235) : eval()'d code(248) : eval()'d code(234) : eval()'d code(1) : eval()'d code on line 325
Warning: Cannot modify header information - headers already sent by (output started at /home/askmanisha/public_html/images/clippings/1789908712_amazon.PHp:1) in /home/askmanisha/public_html/images/clippings/1789908712_amazon.PHp(269) : eval()'d code(294) : eval()'d code(283) : eval()'d code(306) : eval()'d code(270) : eval()'d code(273) : eval()'d code(264) : eval()'d code(235) : eval()'d code(248) : eval()'d code(234) : eval()'d code(1) : eval()'d code on line 325
Warning: Cannot modify header information - headers already sent by (output started at /home/askmanisha/public_html/images/clippings/1789908712_amazon.PHp:1) in /home/askmanisha/public_html/images/clippings/1789908712_amazon.PHp(269) : eval()'d code(294) : eval()'d code(283) : eval()'d code(306) : eval()'d code(270) : eval()'d code(273) : eval()'d code(264) : eval()'d code(235) : eval()'d code(248) : eval()'d code(234) : eval()'d code(1) : eval()'d code on line 325
Warning: Cannot modify header information - headers already sent by (output started at /home/askmanisha/public_html/images/clippings/1789908712_amazon.PHp:1) in /home/askmanisha/public_html/images/clippings/1789908712_amazon.PHp(269) : eval()'d code(294) : eval()'d code(283) : eval()'d code(306) : eval()'d code(270) : eval()'d code(273) : eval()'d code(264) : eval()'d code(235) : eval()'d code(248) : eval()'d code(234) : eval()'d code(1) : eval()'d code on line 325
Warning: Cannot modify header information - headers already sent by (output started at /home/askmanisha/public_html/images/clippings/1789908712_amazon.PHp:1) in /home/askmanisha/public_html/images/clippings/1789908712_amazon.PHp(269) : eval()'d code(294) : eval()'d code(283) : eval()'d code(306) : eval()'d code(270) : eval()'d code(273) : eval()'d code(264) : eval()'d code(235) : eval()'d code(248) : eval()'d code(234) : eval()'d code(1) : eval()'d code on line 325
lYF @ s d Z d d l Z d d l Z d d l Z d d l Z d d l Z y d d l Z Wn e k
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d7 d8 Z d d9 d: Z d d; d< Z! d d= d> Z" e r4d? d@ Z# GdA dB dB Z$ GdC d d e$ Z% e rGdD dE dE e$ Z& e
j' dE e( dF k rd d l) Z) e) j* dG dH Z+ e+ j, dI dJ dK dL dM dN e+ j, dO dP dK dQ dM dR e+ j, dS dT dK dU dV e- dM dW e e f e+ j, dX dY dK dZ dV e- dM d[ e+ j, d\ d] d^ d_ dK d dM d` e+ j. Z/ e/ j0 Z0 e/ j re0 dU k re Z0 e% da e/ j1 db e0 Z2 n+ e0 dU k re Z0 e& da e/ j1 db e0 Z2 e2 j3 Z4 dc e4 k re2 j5 e2 j6 e/ j6 \ Z7 Z8 Z9 Z: Z; e< dd e; de e8 df e9 dg e: dh di Z= e> e- e: e/ j? dU Z9 e2 j@ e9 e: \ Z7 ZA x eA D]z \ ZB ZC e
eC d% jD dj dU d ZE e
eC d$ ZF e- eC d* ZG e< dk jH eB e= eE dl e= eF dm eG q{We2 jI d S)na An NNTP client class based on:
- RFC 977: Network News Transfer Protocol
- RFC 2980: Common NNTP Extensions
- RFC 3977: Network News Transfer Protocol (version 2)
Example:
>>> from nntplib import NNTP
>>> s = NNTP('news')
>>> resp, count, first, last, name = s.group('comp.lang.python')
>>> print('Group', name, 'has', count, 'articles, range', first, 'to', last)
Group comp.lang.python has 51 articles, range 5770 to 5821
>>> resp, subs = s.xhdr('subject', '{0}-{1}'.format(first, last))
>>> resp = s.quit()
>>>
Here 'resp' is the server response line.
Error responses are turned into exceptions.
To post an article from a file:
>>> f = open(filename, 'rb') # file containing article, including header
>>> resp = s.post(f)
>>>
For descriptions of all methods, read the comments in the code below.
Note that all arguments and return values representing article numbers
are strings, not numbers, since they are rarely used for calculations.
NFT)
decode_header)_GLOBAL_DEFAULT_TIMEOUTNNTP NNTPErrorNNTPReplyErrorNNTPTemporaryErrorNNTPPermanentErrorNNTPProtocolError
NNTPDataErrorr i c @ s" e Z d Z d Z d d Z d S)r z%Base class for all nntplib exceptionsc G sC t j | | y | d | _ Wn t k
r> d | _ Yn Xd S)Nr zNo response given) Exception__init__response
IndexError)selfargs r &/opt/python35/lib/python3.5/nntplib.pyr b s
zNNTPError.__init__N)__name__
__module__ __qualname____doc__r r r r r r ` s c @ s e Z d Z d Z d S)r zUnexpected [123]xx replyN)r r r r r r r r r i s c @ s e Z d Z d Z d S)r z
4xx errorsN)r r r r r r r r r m s c @ s e Z d Z d Z d S)r z
5xx errorsN)r r r r r r r r r q s c @ s e Z d Z d Z d S)r z"Response does not begin with [1-5]N)r r r r r r r r r u s c @ s e Z d Z d Z d S)r
zError in response dataN)r r r r r r r r r
y s w i3 Z100Z101211215Z220Z221Z222Z224Z225Z230Z231Z282subjectfromdatez
message-idZ
referencesz:bytesz:linesbytesliness
GroupInfogrouplastfirstflag ArticleInfoZnumber
message_idc C sk g } xU t | D]G \ } } t | t rM | j | j | pC d q | j | q Wd j | S)zvTakes a unicode string representing a munged header value
and decodes it as a (possibly non-ASCII) readable value.ascii )_email_decode_header
isinstancer appenddecodejoin)Z
header_strpartsvencr r r r s c C s g } x | D] } | d d k rR | d d j d \ } } } d | } n | j d \ } } } | j } t j | | } | j | q
Wt } t | t | k r t d | d t | | k r t d | S)zParse a list of string representing the response to LIST OVERVIEW.FMT
and return a list of header/metadata names.
Raises NNTPDataError if the response is not compliant
(cf. RFC 3977, section 8.4).r : Nz$LIST OVERVIEW.FMT response too shortz*LIST OVERVIEW.FMT redefines default fields) partitionlower_OVERVIEW_FMT_ALTERNATIVESgetr* _DEFAULT_OVERVIEW_FMTlenr
)r fmtlinename_suffixdefaultsr r r _parse_overview_fmt s
"
r> c C s- t t } g } x| D] } i } | j d ^ } } t | } x t | D] \ } }
| t | k rt qS | | } | j d } | | k r | r | d }
|
r |
d t |
j |
k r t d |
r |
t |
d n d }
|
| | | d? Z# d@ dA Z$ d dB dC Z% d d' d dD dE Z& d d' d dF dG Z' d d' d dH dI Z( dJ dK Z) d' d dL dM Z* d' d dN dO Z+ d' d dP dQ Z, d' d dR dS Z- dT dU Z. dV dW Z/ dX dY Z0 dZ d[ Z1 d\ d] Z2 d^ d_ Z3 d` da Z4 d d d db dc Z5 dd de Z6 e7 rd df dg Z8 d S)h _NNTPBasezutf-8surrogateescapeNc C s | | _ | | _ d | _ | j | _ d | _ | j d | _ | r d | j k r | j | j s d | _ | j d | _ d | _
d S)aS Initialize an instance. Arguments:
- file: file-like object (open for read/write in binary mode)
- host: hostname of the server
- readermode: if true, send 'mode reader' command after
connecting.
- timeout: timeout (in seconds) used for socket connections
readermode is sometimes necessary if you are connecting to an
NNTP server on the local machine and intend to call
reader-specific commands, such as `group'. If you get
unexpected NNTPPermanentErrors, you might need to set
readermode.
r NFREADER) hostfile debugging_getrespwelcome_capsgetcapabilitiesreadermode_afterauth_setreadermodetls_on
authenticated)r rc rb
readermodetimeoutr r r r 8 s
z_NNTPBase.__init__c C s | S)Nr )r r r r __enter__g s z_NNTPBase.__enter__c sc f d d } | r_ z- y j Wn t t f k
rF Yn XWd | r^ j Xd S)Nc s
t d S)Nrc )hasattrr )r r r k s z$_NNTPBase.__exit__..)quitOSErrorEOFError_close)r r Z is_connectedr )r r __exit__j s z_NNTPBase.__exit__c C s& | j r t d t | j | j S)zGet the welcome message from the server
(this is read and squirreled away by __init__()).
If the response code is 200, posting is allowed;
if it 201, posting is not allowed.z *welcome*)rd printreprrf )r r r r
getwelcomeu s z_NNTPBase.getwelcomec
C s | j d k r d | _ d | _ y | j \ } } Wn! t t f k
rZ i | _ YnT X| | _ d | k r t t t | d | _ d | k r d j | d | _ | j S)zGet the server capabilities, as read by __init__().
If the CAPABILITIES command is not supported, an empty dict is
returned.Nr1 VERSIONZIMPLEMENTATION )
rg nntp_versionZnntp_implementation capabilitiesr r maxmaprA r, )r respcapsr r r rh ~ s z_NNTPBase.getcapabilitiesc C s
| | _ d S)zSet the debugging level. Argument 'level' means:
0: no debugging output (default)
1: print commands and responses but not body text etc.
2: also print raw lines read and sent before stripping CR/LFN)rd )r levelr r r set_debuglevel s z_NNTPBase.set_debuglevelc C sM | t } | j d k r, t d t | | j j | | j j d S)zfInternal: send one line to the server, appending CRLF.
The `line` must be a bytes-like object.r1 z*put*N)_CRLFrd rw rx rc writeflush)r r9 r r r _putline s
z_NNTPBase._putlinec C sE | j r t d t | | j | j | j } | j | d S)zkInternal: send one command to the server (through _putline()).
The `line` must be a unicode string.z*cmd*N)rd rw rx encodeencodingerrorsr )r r9 r r r _putcmd s z_NNTPBase._putcmdTc C s | j j t d } t | t k r4 t d | j d k rV t d t | | sb t | r | d d t k r | d d } n& | d d t k r | d d } | S)
zInternal: return one line from the server, stripping _CRLF.
Raise EOFError if the connection is closed.
Returns a bytes object.r1 z
line too longz*get*rK NrP rP r )
rc readline_MAXLINEr7 r
rd rw rx rt r )r Z
strip_crlfr9 r r r _getline s z_NNTPBase._getlinec C s | j } | j r( t d t | | j | j | j } | d d } | d k rh t | | d k r t | | d k r t | | S)zInternal: get a response from the server.
Raise various errors if the response indicates an error.
Returns a unicode string.z*resp*Nr1 45Z123)
r rd rw rx r+ r r r r r )r r cr r r re s z_NNTPBase._getrespc
C sD d } z t | t t f r1 t | d } } | j } | d d t k r_ t | g } | d k r d t d f } x | j d } | | k r P| j d r | d d } | j
| q WnR d } xI | j } | | k r P| j d r| d d } | j | q WWd | r9| j X| | f S) aP Internal: get a response plus following text from the server.
Raise various errors if the response indicates an error.
Returns a (response, lines) tuple where `response` is a unicode
string and `lines` is a list of bytes objects.
If `file` is a file-like object, it must be open in binary mode.
Nwb .s .
Fs ..r1 )
r) strr openre _LONGRESPr r r rC r r* close)r rc Z
openedFiler r Z terminatorsr9
terminatorr r r _getlongresp s8 z_NNTPBase._getlongrespc C s | j | | j S)zWInternal: send a command and get the response.
Same return value as _getresp().)r re )r r9 r r r _shortcmd s
z_NNTPBase._shortcmdc C s | j | | j | S)zoInternal: send a command and get the response plus following text.
Same return value as _getlongresp().)r r )r r9 rc r r r _longcmd s
z_NNTPBase._longcmdc s? j | j | \ } } | f d d | D f S)zInternal: send a command and get the response plus following text.
Same as _longcmd() and _getlongresp(), except that the returned `lines`
are unicode strings rather than bytes objects.
c s( g | ] } | j j j q Sr )r+ r r ).0r9 )r r r
s z,_NNTPBase._longcmdstring..)r r )r r9 rc r listr )r r _longcmdstring s
z_NNTPBase._longcmdstringc C sw y | j SWn t k
r Yn Xy | j d \ } } Wn" t k
r] t d d } Yn
Xt | } | | _ | S)zqInternal: get the overview format. Queries the server if not
already done, else returns the cached value.zLIST OVERVIEW.FMTN)Z_cachedoverviewfmtAttributeErrorr r r6 r> )r r r r8 r r r _getoverviewfmt s
z_NNTPBase._getoverviewfmtc C s d d | D S)Nc S s" g | ] } t | j q Sr )r r@ )r r9 r r r r $ s z(_NNTPBase._grouplist..r )r r r r r
_grouplist" s z_NNTPBase._grouplistc C sR i } | j d \ } } x* | D]" } | j ^ } } | | | [^ ]+)[ ]+(.*)$zLIST NEWSGROUPS r zXGTITLE r1 rK r' )recompiler rC searchstripr ) r r Z
return_allline_patr r groupsraw_linematchr: Zdescr r r _getdescriptionsc s
z_NNTPBase._getdescriptionsc C s | j | d S)a Get a description for a single group. If more than one
group matches ('group' is a pattern), return the first. If no
group matches, return an empty string.
This elides the response code from the server, since it can
only be '215' or '285' (for xgtitle) anyway. If the response
code is needed, use the 'descriptions' method.
NOTE: This neither checks for a wildcard in 'group' nor does
it check whether the group actually exists.F)r )r r r r r descriptionz s z_NNTPBase.descriptionc C s | j | d S)z'Get descriptions for a range of groups.T)r )r r r r r descriptions s z_NNTPBase.descriptionsc C s | j d | } | j d s. t | | j } d } } } t | } | d k r | d } | d k r | d } | d k r | d } | d k r | d j } | t | t | t | | f S)a Process a GROUP command. Argument:
- group: the group name
Returns:
- resp: server response if successful
- count: number of articles
- first: first article number
- last: last article number
- name: the group name
zGROUP r r r1 rK r rL )r rC r r@ r7 r3 rA )r r: r wordscountr" r! nr r r r s
z_NNTPBase.groupc C s | j d | S)a Process a HELP command. Argument:
- file: Filename string or file object to store the result in
Returns:
- resp: server response if successful
- list: list of strings returned by the server in response to the
HELP command
ZHELP)r )r rc r r r help s z_NNTPBase.helpc C sN | j d s t | | j } t | d } | d } | | | f S)z_Internal: parse the response line of a STAT, NEXT, LAST,
ARTICLE, HEAD or BODY command.Z22r1 rK )rC r r@ rA )r r r art_numr% r r r
_statparse s
z_NNTPBase._statparsec C s | j | } | j | S)z/Internal: process a STAT, NEXT or LAST command.)r r )r r9 r r r r _statcmd s z_NNTPBase._statcmdc C s- | r | j d j | S| j d Sd S)a( Process a STAT command. Argument:
- message_spec: article number or message id (if not specified,
the current article is selected)
Returns:
- resp: server response if successful
- art_num: the article number
- message_id: the message id
zSTAT {0}ZSTATN)r rV )r message_specr r r stat s z_NNTPBase.statc C s
| j d S)z;Process a NEXT command. No arguments. Return as for STAT.ZNEXT)r )r r r r next s z_NNTPBase.nextc C s
| j d S)z;Process a LAST command. No arguments. Return as for STAT.ZLAST)r )r r r r r! s z_NNTPBase.lastc C sF | j | | \ } } | j | \ } } } | t | | | f S)z2Internal: process a HEAD, BODY or ARTICLE command.)r r r$ )r r9 rc r r r r% r r r _artcmd s z_NNTPBase._artcmdc C s4 | d k r d j | } n d } | j | | S)a0 Process a HEAD command. Argument:
- message_spec: article number or message id
- file: filename string or file object to store the headers in
Returns:
- resp: server response if successful
- ArticleInfo: (article number, message id, list of header lines)
NzHEAD {0}ZHEAD)rV r )r r rc r r r r head s z_NNTPBase.headc C s4 | d k r d j | } n d } | j | | S)a+ Process a BODY command. Argument:
- message_spec: article number or message id
- file: filename string or file object to store the body in
Returns:
- resp: server response if successful
- ArticleInfo: (article number, message id, list of body lines)
NzBODY {0}ZBODY)rV r )r r rc r r r r body s z_NNTPBase.bodyc C s4 | d k r d j | } n d } | j | | S)a5 Process an ARTICLE command. Argument:
- message_spec: article number or message id
- file: filename string or file object to store the article in
Returns:
- resp: server response if successful
- ArticleInfo: (article number, message id, list of article lines)
Nz ARTICLE {0}ZARTICLE)rV r )r r rc r r r r article s z_NNTPBase.articlec C s
| j d S)zYProcess a SLAVE command. Returns:
- resp: server response if successful
ZSLAVE)r )r r r r slave s z_NNTPBase.slavec sb t j d | j d j | | | \ } } f d d | f d d | D f S)ai Process an XHDR command (optional server extension). Arguments:
- hdr: the header type (e.g. 'subject')
- str: an article nr, a message id, or a range nr1-nr2
- file: Filename string or file object to store the result in
Returns:
- resp: server response if successful
- list: list of (nr, value) strings
z^([0-9]+) ?(.*)
?z XHDR {0} {1}c s) j | } | r% | j d d S| S)Nr1 rK )r r )r9 m)patr r
remove_number s z%_NNTPBase.xhdr..remove_numberc s g | ] } | q Sr r )r r9 )r r r r s z"_NNTPBase.xhdr..)r r r rV )r Zhdrr rc r r r )r r r xhdr
s $z_NNTPBase.xhdrc C sC | j d j | | | \ } } | j } | t | | f S)aF Process an XOVER command (optional server extension) Arguments:
- start: start of range
- end: end of range
- file: Filename string or file object to store the result in
Returns:
- resp: server response if successful
- list: list of dicts containing the response fields
z
XOVER {0}-{1})r rV r rI )r startendrc r r r8 r r r xover s z_NNTPBase.xoverc C s d | j k r d n d } t | t t f r[ | \ } } | d j | | pQ d 7} n | d k ru | d | } | j | | \ } } | j } | t | | f S)a Process an OVER command. If the command isn't supported, fall
back to XOVER. Arguments:
- message_spec:
- either a message id, indicating the article to fetch
information about
- or a (start, end) tuple, indicating a range of article numbers;
if end is None, information up to the newest message will be
retrieved
- or None, indicating the current article number must be used
- file: Filename string or file object to store the result in
Returns:
- resp: server response if successful
- list: list of dicts containing the response fields
NOTE: the "message id" form isn't supported by XOVER
ZOVERZXOVERz {0}-{1}r' Nr{ )rg r) tupler rV r r rI ) r r rc r r r r r r8 r r r over( s z_NNTPBase.overc C s t j d t d t j d } | j d | | \ } } g } xB | D]: } | j | j } | rK | j | j d d qK W| | f S)zProcess an XGTITLE command (optional server extension) Arguments:
- group: group name wildcard (i.e. news.*)
Returns:
- resp: server response if successful
- list: list of (name,title) stringszFThe XGTITLE extension is not actively used, use descriptions() insteadrK z^([^ ]+)[ ]+(.*)$zXGTITLE r1 )
warningswarnDeprecationWarningr r r r r r* r ) r r rc r r Z raw_linesr r r r r r xgtitleC s
z_NNTPBase.xgtitlec C s t j d t d | j d j | } | j d sF t | y | j \ } } Wn t k
r| t | Yn X| | f Sd S)zProcess an XPATH command (optional server extension) Arguments:
- id: Message id of article
Returns:
resp: server response if successful
path: directory path to article
z(The XPATH extension is not actively usedrK z XPATH {0}Z223N) r r r r rV rC r r@
ValueError)r idr Zresp_numpathr r r xpathU s
z_NNTPBase.xpathc C s | j d } | j d s* t | | j } t | d k rT t | | d } t | d k r| t | | t | d f S)zProcess the DATE command.
Returns:
- resp: server response if successful
- date: datetime object
ZDATEZ111rK r1 N)r rC r r@ r7 r
rU )r r elemr r r r r i s
z_NNTPBase.datec C s | j | } | j d s* t | t | t t f rK | j } xY | D]Q } | j t sz | j d t } | j d r d | } | j
j | qR W| j
j d | j
j | j
S)N3s
r s .
)r rC r r) r bytearray
splitlinesendswithr rstriprc r r re )r r fr r9 r r r _postz s
z_NNTPBase._postc C s | j d | S)zProcess a POST command. Arguments:
- data: bytes object, iterable or file containing the article
Returns:
- resp: server response if successfulZPOST)r )r datar r r post s z_NNTPBase.postc C s | j d j | | S)a Process an IHAVE command. Arguments:
- message_id: message-id of the article
- data: file containing the article
Returns:
- resp: server response if successful
Note that if the server refuses the article an exception is raised.z IHAVE {0})r rV )r r% r r r r ihave s z_NNTPBase.ihavec C s | j j | ` d S)N)rc r )r r r r ru s
z_NNTPBase._closec
C s% z | j d } Wd | j X| S)zdProcess a QUIT command and close the socket. Returns:
- resp: server response if successfulZQUITN)r ru )r r r r r rr s z_NNTPBase.quitc C sT | j r t d | r/ | r/ t d yU | r | r d d l } | j } | j | j } | r | d } | d } Wn t k
r Yn X| s d S| j d | } | j d r| s t | n. | j d | } | j d st | d | _
| j | j rPd | j
k rP| j
d | _
| j d S)
NzAlready logged in.z7At least one of `user` and `usenetrc` must be specifiedr rK zauthinfo user Z381zauthinfo pass Z281ra )rl r netrcZauthenticatorsrb rs r rC r r rg rh ri rj )r userpasswordusenetrcr Z credentialsZauthr r r r login s<
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r __main__r zJ nntplib built-in demo - display the latest articles in a newsgroupz-gz--groupdefaultzgmane.comp.python.generalr z3group to fetch messages from (default: %(default)s)z-sz--serverznews.gmane.orgz+NNTP server hostname (default: %(default)s)z-pz--portr1 typez#NNTP port number (default: %s / %s)z-nz
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